Scottish Independence Essay Example for Free

Scottish Independence Essay â€Å"The beauty of independence, departure, actions that rely on themselves† -Walt Whitman Currently Scotland is part of the United Kingdom. Scottish Independence is â€Å"a political aim for some political parties, advocacy groups, and individuals in Scotland for the country to once again become an independent sovereign state.† A Referendum (â€Å"A general vote by the electorate on a single political question which has been referred to them for a direct decision.†) will be held on Thursday, 18 September, 2014 to decide whether Scotland should become an independent country. I am for Scotland being an independent country primarily because of, but not limited to, the points listed below. Scotland will be more prosperous and economically better off as an independent country. In any society, one of the main questions asked before any sort of political decision, whether it be by the prime minister or just an electorate deciding who to vote for, is if I decide on this option, will I or the country be better off because of it. It is no surprise then that this is one of the main points brought up in the referendum debate. Objectively it seems that Scotland and subsequently the people of Scotland will be financially better off if Scotland were to become independent. A lot of people say this is primarily because of the North Sea oil. Although North Sea oil is important and is in itself another point of discussion/concern for the Scottish government and its people, even without it Scotlands economic output per head is 99 percent of the UK average- and with oil it is 118 percent. This means that over the last 30 years we’ve paid more than our share of tax.. This isn’t a recent or random occurrence either, for decades the amount of tax revenue generated in Scotland per person has been greater than the figure for the UK as a whole. In the most recent year, Scotland contributed  £56.9 Billion in tax revenue. That’s equivalent to  £10,700 for every person in Scotland. In Comparison the average tax revenue in the UK as a whole was just  £9000 pound per person. If you do the math then Scotland has been paying  £1,700 a head extra in taxes. As mentioned previously however, this isn’t a recent thing and has been going on for decades. As a  matter of fact since 1981 Scotland has paid  £222 billion more than we would have done if we had just matched the contribution made per head by the UK as a whole. This all equates to almost  £45,000 extra paid for every person living in Scotland. Scotland makes up 8.4 percent of the United Kingdoms population and generates 9.9 percent of its taxes, but only gets back 9.3 percent back again to spend on essential services. Scotland’s finances were stronger than uks by  £4.4 billion, this means if Scotland got independence we would have  £4.4 billion extra to spend and still be in the same financial position as the UK is now. All this leads up to the fact that if Scotland were to become an independent country we would be 8th in the OECD league table of the world’s advanced economies in terms of GDP per head. By contrast, the UK would only be in 17th place. Scotlands wealth per head was  £27,211. The UK figure was  £23,002 per head. Public Spending in Scotland only accounts for 42.7 percent of Scotland’s gdp compared to 45.5 percent for the uk as a whole. Withdrawing the nuclear weapons from the Clyde will save  £163 each year and if the current government introduce the proposed new nuclear missiles then that means saving  £250 million a year. oil and gas revenue would flow to Scotland and expect to contribute  £48 billion in next six years. An independent Scotland would mean a renewed and fairer democracy. If you refer back to the definition of Scottish independence, then you see that the aim is for Scotland to become an independent sovereign state. a sovereign state is â€Å"a nonphysical juridical entity of the international legal system that is represented by a centralized government that has supreme independent authority over a geographic area† all sovereign states are countries but not all countries are sovereign states. Scotland is classified as a country however it is currently part of the sovereign state known as the United Kingdom. If you apply the definition to this context then the centralized government is Westminster and the geographic area is the whole of the UK. If you think about it like that it doesnt really seem fair that Scotland has to abide by the laws and policies brought in by a different country. Scotland does have mps in westminster but this usually does little the change the verdict due to the following fact: After the 2010 general election 650 mps were elected, 553 from England, 59 from Scotland, 40 from Wales and 18 from  northern Ireland, This means that no matter if every mp from Scotland votes against a policy all it would take is one tenth of the rest of the mps to vote for it and it would be passed. An example would be the recent bedroom tax, 9% of Scottish mps voted for and 91% against it but the tax still went through, another example would be the welfare cuts, 19% Scottish mps voted for and 81% voted against and it but it went ahead and will force, experts believe, 60,000 more Scottish children into poverty. This has also happened with austerity cuts VAT increases and many more policies were Scotland’s mps have voted against it yet it still affects Scotland because more mps from different countries vote for it. This affects Scotland politically but as a result of and possibly even more importantly economically, this is represented well by the previous statistics and also by the fact that the UK government has placed trident missiles at faslane on the Clyde, even though the majority of Scottish citizens are against it, yet were paying  £163 million extra a year to keep weapons we dont want in a place where we dont want it to be kept. However, with regard to the above arguments, not everything about Scottish independence would be easy sailing and clear skies, it couldnt be or the majority of the population wouldnt be voting against independence. The Scotsman polls Yes at 33-34% and No at 52-57%. The Daily Mail puts it at 27% for Yes and 56% for No. Herald Scotland says 27% will vote Yes and 41% will vote No. It seems that the consensus among people is that Scotland will remain part of the UK. Below are some reasons why people may be deciding against independence Scotlands future seems uncertain if we get independence. Alot of things about the referendum and Scotlands future are very cloudy and even after the release of the white paper, which was meant to clear up a lot of these issues so that the people could make their own informed decision, there are still a lot of points which people and even the government are unsure about. An example of this would be the amount of debt which Scotland would take on if it were to get independence. The UK has a debt of 88.7% of their GDP (as of 2012, its expected to have risen to around 90%) and if scotland were to become independent then it is expected that Scotland would take on anywhere  from 0 to  £140 billion of this or even more,its just not clear enough yet how much debt Scotland would take on.Another question is what currency Scotland would employ after they gained Independence. Alex Salmond vows that he will keep the pound however no official agreement has taken place. According to the Scotsman Alex Salmond held â€Å"technical† discussions on the proposal with the former Bank Governor, Mervyn King,last year.Many people, like George Osborne and Alistair Carmichael, think it is unlikely that the two countries will share the pound sterling, with george osborne even going as far to say that he will block scotland from retaining the pound.This is discussed in further detail below.If Scotland were to get independence they would have to leave the EU, according to the spanish prime minister, who is dealing with a similar situation with catalonias proposed independence, he said If a part of the territory of a member state ceases to be a part of that state because that territory becomes a new independent state, treaties will no longer apply to that territory, In other words, a new independent state would, by the fact of its independence, become a third countr y with respect to the Union and the treaties would, from the day of its independence, not apply anymore on its territory. they can re-apply for membership, which is what Alex Salmond would intend to do, however all of the countries would have to accept/agree with Scotland joining the EU. Scotland would have problems with the currency. No matter if Scotland retain the pound or not, they will run into consequences with whatever option they choose. As it stands there are 3 options Scotland has in terms of currency: 1.Keep the pound, this is what Alex Salmond wants,however if Scotland and England were going to agree to a â€Å"Currency Union† (â€Å"where two or more states share the same currency, though without there necessarily having any further integration†) then it would ultimately put Constraints on an independent Scotland’s economic policies: even if it could be agreed, a formal currency union would severely limit an independent Scotland’s economic freedom – to ensure that risks to the rest of the UK were managed an independent Scotland would lose some of its power over decisions on its own â€Å"fiscal policy† (for example, how much it could spend on health, education, and so on) with the Bank of England also determining interest rates and the cost of borrowing in Scotland and would have to accept the rest of the UK having oversight of  its tax and spending plans. This all in a way defeats one of the main points of Scottish Independence, which is for Scotland to have complete economic independence and to have full control over taxes, public expenditure etc. As you can see this would not be the case if an Independent Scotland were to adopt the Pound. Another option would be to join the Euro. This would possibly be the worst decision as all the problems associated with adopting the pound would be present in adopting the Euro, just worse. Many more countries in the eurozone are running into debt and having to accept bailouts, primarily because of fact that one shoe doesnt fit all in terms of the politics of the eurozone, theres not really any way to tell if an Independent Scotland would benefit from the policies and regulations set in by the european union in terms of the euro. The last option would be that Scotland creates its own currency. On the outside it seems to dissolve the problems of another country/set of counties having a large influen ce and in some instances complete control of many of the economic policies and taxings within Scotland. While this is probably the best option, starting a new currency is no easy task. Apart from the decisions to be made on the actual currency like what would be printed on the currency, what materials the coins/notes would be made from in terms of percentages, what the new currency would be called, however these are just minor problems, the real problems would be figuring out how to get the new currency into the system, with rules possibly having to be put in place to prevent large amounts of Pounds Sterling leaving the country. Laws would have to be formed to grant the new currency status of legal tender, as well as laws which define and control the use of the currency. All of these laws would also have to be approved by parliament.To change the currency would take about 6 months minimum, but in reality it would probably take alot longer. The actual printing of the money could possibly run into tens of millions of pounds, but the actual process of the currency swap would be the most costly. All of this would have to be highly scrutinized,as if there was any uncertainty over the details of the currency it could potentially drive away countries or businesses looking to invest in scotland or its new currency. To sum up, even though a lot of the details about scottish independence are still cloudy and a lot of people are scared about what might happen if we  gain independence and if such a small country could support itself, the bottom line seems to be with complete political and possibly economic independence, we would get to make decisions based on our own needs, and not the whole UK’s. Even though we do still rely quite heavily on Oil, its still a while to go before it runs out, and in that time hopefully the money generated by it will be invested into different economic sectors to fuel Scotlands powerful economy. With Reference to the quote by Walt Whitman, we must take action and rely upon ourselves to make the right decision in relation to this countrys economic and political well being, even if it might seem scary, no-one ever got anywhere by running away from a situation and sitting on their hands just because the idea scared them. Alex Salmond described the referendum as a â€Å"once in a lifetime opportunity† and it would be such a shame to see this opportunity wasted due to the sheer pride and prejudice of people.

Unappreciated Characters of Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis :: Metamorphosis essays

The Unappreciated Characters of Metamorphosis The story of The Metamorphosis is one that is very subtle and very delicate. Kafka wrote in a fashion that would allow a reader to interpret the story in a way that may be different each time it is read. From the beginning, we see that a young, hard working, man, Gregor, has turned into a bug, and as the story continues, one can see that he was much more than an insect. What else could he be? Even after his death, it is obvious that Gregor was there for a cause. His family depended on him for their happiness. The purpose for his existence was to serve his family. His mother and father created him and were the driving force behind his physical change. There was a lack of communication that existed throughout the story that revealed how unappreciated they were of Gregor and his sister, who was on her way towards becoming like her brother. Gregor was very important to the family's welfare. At first he was the only working member of the family, and his job was very important; the whole future of Gregor and his family depended on it (p.84). For so long he wanted to quit his work, because he wasn't happy with it. But he said to himself, " Besides, I have to provide for my parents and my sister. (pp. 82-83)." He felt that his family was too dependent of him. When Gregor wouldnt let anyone in his room in fear that they would be horrified by his condition, he thought that his family was harassing him because he was in danger of losing his job, and because the chief would begin harassing his parents again for the old debts" (p. 76). At this point, everyone was angry and wanted him to get up for work. All that mattered to the family was what Gregor was able to provide. After his secret of change to an insect was discovered, they realized that he was no longer of any use to the family, and he was unappreciated in every way. He didn't have his job and no longer had anything to offer. "The house soon started to fall apart; the household was reduced more and more "(p.

Compass Records Essay

Backgrounds Alison Brown and her husband Gary West, who were both musicians, founded compass Records in 1995. Compass Records is a small independent recording company that centered on folk and roots music. Compass Records occupies only a tiny part of the 32-billion dollar music recording industry, competing with some multi-national corporations dominating 86% of the business, such as Sony/BMG, Universal Music Group, Warner Music Group, and EMI. However, the industry has witnessed a stagnant growth since 1995, with a decline on annual sales at a compound annual growth rate of 5%. By 2005, Compass Records had grown to include nearly 50 artists under contract and were averaging around 20 releases a year. With 40% of its albums selling over 5,000 units, Compass Records turned a profit on 80% of its titles in 2005. Brown and West also acquired a $100,000 recording studio in May 2004 in order to give the label and its artists more flexibility in the creative process and save $500 a day on studio rental. Problems * (General) Licensing vs. Producing and Own   * Compass Records has to decide between licensing the finished recordings, which is less risky and less expensive with a finite life to the future cash flows associated with the recordings, and producing and owning a master copy, which will be more risky and more expensive with an infinite life to the future cash flows associated with the recordings. * (Specific) How to maximize firm value through the Roscommon decision * Whether to license Adair Roscommon’s music or own the master recording outright.

Culture Language And Language - 762 Words

I. Introduction Language is the main means in which we are able to express our needs, thoughts, feelings, beliefs and desires through words, gestures, and symbols; it allows us to communicate, connect and create relationships with others. It is also a vehicle for asserting our culture. Culture is made up of the characteristics of particular groups of people and can be expressed through religion, social habits, food, arts, and language. Our cultural heritage influences all aspects of our lives and shapes how we use language to interact with and interpret the world around us. It is through this critical lens that the interdependence of culture and language becomes clear: culture is expressed through language and language is influenced by culture. Taking this knowledge into account, it is obvious that the successful learning a new language must include a growing familiarity with its culture to provide a holistic and valuable understanding. Although it is not necessary to comprehend a culture to employ the mechanics of a language and speak it, meaningful communication in the language is limited in many ways by cultural knowledge and understanding. II. What I Want to Find Out Because I strongly believe in the interdependence of culture and language, I want to explore the focus on culture in current ESL classrooms and how that impacts the success of students. I also want to investigate the correlation between cultural understanding and linguistic language acquisition. Since IShow MoreRelatedLanguage And Culture : Language Learners1942 Words   |  8 Pagescultural groups. Despite this, few educational systems truly embrace these diverse languages and cultures inside the classroom or through instruction (Pinnock, 2009). â€Å"Language is the channel through which people’s cultures are transmitted†, but promoting only one or two languages deemed important the school system is separating many children from their culture (Pinnock, 2009). The ways in which language and culture are utilized in the classroom can be a â€Å"vital barrier or enabler† in successfullyRead MoreLanguage and Culture1039 Words   |  5 PagesLanguage and Culture Differences in cultural language: what is the significance and how does it affect the world? As the world becomes more interconnected by technological advances, the need for interpersonal communication among different cultures has become evidently clear. It is quite obvious that ones culture affects almost all of ones communication behaviors. In â€Å"Language Reflects Culture,† and article written by Margaret Cote, she states that â€Å"language determines the way a person viewsRead MoreLanguage and the Culture: Language learning through the culture of the target language1768 Words   |  8 PagesLanguage and the Culture : Language learning through the culture of the target language Teaching English as a Foreign Language, Winter spring 2010 Language and the Culture : Language learning through the culture of the target language As language and culture are interrelated, so that language cannot be taught without culture (Maria, 2002). How many people learn a culture of the target language when they learn a language? Can you say the personRead MoreLanguage, Language And Culture Development2070 Words   |  9 Pages Language is something that defines us in a culture and gives us the voice in which we express ourselves. So it can be said that language is something that every person needs. Language can be defined as a form of communcating spoken, written, or signed that is based on a system of symbols (Santrock 2007, p.303). The importance of language is something that goes unrecognized in everyday life, but we need language to be able to speak with other people. Listen to other people read and write (SantrockRead MoreLanguage And Culture : Language As But It Were An Object1866 Words   |  8 Pagescriticise those who ‘view language as though it were an object’. By describing language as an object, it gives the impression of something static; incapable of growth or adaptation. In the author’s view, to think of language in this way disregards the different meanings that words can have in different social contexts. Language is a constantly evolving tool for communication and while many view it as though it is a constant framework, static and unchanging, the truth is that language is always developingRead MoreIs Language Influenced by Culture?1236 Words   |  5 PagesCCHU9042 Human Language: Nature or Nurture? Final Report Is Language Influenced by Culture? Culture and language have long been believed to be intimately interrelated. Defined by anthropologist Tylor (1871, p.1), culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. People learn culture through language. Language, one of theRead MoreTopics On Language And Culture1494 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2015 Topics in Language and Culture To gain a deeper and more complex understanding of cultures around the world it takes more than just knowledge of norms and practices. The interplay between language and culture consists of a multitude of factors of which three stand out above the rest. Nonverbal communication, bilingualism, and differences in communication among genders are intrinsically connected across cultures in such a way that cultures influence language structure in line with culturalRead MoreThe Importance of Language and Culture3202 Words   |  13 Pages The importance of language is a repeated trend throughout history. The lack of language weighs negatively on an individual’s intellect and the acquisition of language feeds the development of one’s cultural identity. The greatest historical conquest began in the realm of linguistic turmoil. Examples of this are vast in the capturing of American Americans slaves, and injustice towards the Native Americans on the home front. The captured people were taken from a variety of tribes speaking differentRead MoreThe Importance of Language and Culture2130 Words   |  9 PagesImportance of Language and Culture Diana Everett COM200 Instructor Terrance Frazier April 04, 2011 The Importance of Language and Culture There are two forms of communications--verbal and non-verbal. Nonverbal communication is usually understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages. Language is not the only source of communication, there are other means also. Messages can be communicated through gestures and touch, by body language or posture, byRead MoreBody Language in Cultures1948 Words   |  8 PagesSean E. English 102 Body language is not language in the strict sense of the word language; it is in fact, a broad term for forms of communication using body movements, gestures, facial expressions and eye behaviors in addition to sounds, verbal language, or other forms of communication. Although we may not realize it when we talk with others, we make ourselves understood not only by words but also by our body language. Body language sometimes helps make communication easy and effective. In order

Communication Apprehension Essay - 2931 Words

To function effectively in today’s society people must communicate with one another. Yet for some individuals communication experiences are so unrewarding that they either consciously or unconsciously avoid situations where communication is required. (McCroskey Richmond, 1979) The term ‘communication apprehension’ was coined by James McCroskey (1976a) and is defined as â€Å"an individual’s level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons† (McCroskey, 1984). In the last two decades communication apprehension and related constructs, such as reticence and unwillingness to communicate, have received extensive research and theoretical attention by scholars in communication and†¦show more content†¦This construct was an attempt to look beyond the concepts of CA and reticence (as it was perceived at the time) and along with fear and anxiety, considers low self esteem, introversion, a nomia and alienation. â€Å"Thus this construct can be viewed as intermediary between CA and the contemporary view of reticence. More simply, reticence is concerned with people who do not communicate effectively; unwillingness-to-communicate is concerned with one of the reasons that people may not do so (i.e., they do not want to); and, [although it is highly associated with ineffective communication], CA is concerned with one of the reasons that people may be unwilling-to-communicate.† (McCroskey, 1982, p.4) Types of Communication Apprehension A person may be apprehensive in one situation but not in another. Additionally, as communication does not confine itself to just talk, a person may, for example, be apprehensive about communicating by engaging in talk but feel quite comfortable about writing. McCroskey Richmond (1987) identify four types of communication apprehension: traitlike, context based, receiver based, and situational. Traitlike CA concerns mainly oral communication and refers to a relatively stable and enduring predisposition of an individual towards experiencing fear and/or anxiety across a wide range of communication contexts. Context basedShow MoreRelatedCommunication Apprehension and Social Change1547 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic of communication apprehension is extremely broad, and the topic of social change is just as broad, if not more so. When the two topics are combined, it is a chance to twist the elements and take a deeper look into how they coincide. It is e vident through research, as well as a commonly shared idea, that communication apprehension has decreased and decreases authentic self-expression in most cases. Communication researchers, as well as psychology researchers, have put in long, hard hoursRead MoreCommunication Apprehension And Learning Styles1837 Words   |  8 Pagesresearch I came across an article written by Dr. Travis L. Russ professor of Communications and Media Management at Fordham University in New York about communication apprehension and learning styles. In this article Dr. Russ says that there is a coloration between people with high communication apprehension and learning better from reflective work and thinking, while people with a lower amount of communication apprehension prefer to do direct experiments (Russ, 2012). When I share things that I amRead MoreDifference Between Nervousness And Communication Apprehension882 Words   |  4 PagesKnowledge What is the difference between nervousness and communication apprehension? Communication apprehension can be defined as an individual’s fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with others, while nervousness before a speech is simply the feeling you get when your body produces more adrenaline due to your anticipated performance. The key difference is that nervousness is natural and communication apprehension is more closely related to anxiety. Application As youRead MorePreparing and Facilitating A Successful Debate Essay1462 Words   |  6 Pageswork together, equip the team to work effectively therefore improving performance however if team members are unable to deliver an argument to an audience with confidence due to communication apprehension, the speaker’s credibility will be lessened therefore the message will be less persuasive and the intended communication goal may not be achieved. A debate that took place at the University of the Sunshine Coast on 24 May 2011 will be used as a case study to argue that both team processes and preparationRead MoreThis Essay Will Be Discussing The Forms Of Communication1513 Words   |  7 Pagesthe forms of communication applicable to the career path of my choice. Since I have an interest in ancient history and have always held an appreciation for museums my chosen career is museum curatorship which will have several forms of necessary communication, however, I have chosen to focus o n three specific areas. Firstly, professional communication, secondly techniques to overcome communication barriers (cognitive restructuring and systematic desensitisation) and thirdly, communication techniquesRead MoreEffective Communication Practices1178 Words   |  5 PagesEffective Communication Practices Communication is defined as â€Å"the transfer and understanding of meaning† (Robbins Judge, 2013) and is the foundation of every relationship. There are four main reasons for communication in business. They are to control, motivation, emotional expression and information (Robbins Judge, 2013). Without effective communication the sharing of ideas, information, feelings and questions cannot be completed. 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Interpersonal communication is something you need to do well as it affects many aspects of your life. It is also a learned skill that can be improved with knowledge, self awareness and practice. In order to be a good communicator we must continually analyze our level of interpersonal communication competenceRead MoreLDR 531 Week 3 Quiz Essay1601 Words   |  7 Pagesthe employees in the marketing department. Which of the following is most likely to be the best form of communication for communicating this plan? Oral communication Grapevine communication Written communication Nonverbal communication 5 The ________ view of conflict focuses on productive resolution of conflicts. transactional managed interactionist rational 6 The informal communication network in an organization is determined by organization based on clear and factual information characterizedRead MoreConcepts of Communication 1138 Words   |  5 Pageswith our purpose whatever it might be. We all have our own communication style, way to listen, communication apprehension, and our way to resolve conflict. Therefore, I will elaborate in those concepts with my own personal experience and understanding about them. There are four different styles of communication private, dominant, sociable, and open. After taking a style survey I was surprise to know I belong to the open style communication. Open style is a person that response back other’s messages

Essay on Create Your Own School - 1847 Words

A public schools’ job is to create a standardized environment for students of the general population; however, public schools don’t always meet the needs of the students. Charter schools exist to meet the needs of the students and are more open to parental involvement and local control over state and bureaucracies’ control. However, â€Å"charter schools may deter some minority, poor, and working families from seeking enrollment by requiring them to complete volunteer hours and failing to provide transportation and free lunches to eligible students† (Schnaiberg 2000). My school I create will take the benefits of public schools and the benefits of charter schools to create an emphasis on individual learning and respect for cultural diversity.†¦show more content†¦Students are expected to behave, strive for excellence, respect others, have a good character, and be willing to learn, while the faculty is expected to do the same. â€Å"Most charter s chools do not require their teachers to be certified† (Borsa 1999). However, my school requires all teachers K-5th to hold a Teaching Credential and a Masters Degree and teachers 6th-12th are required to hold a Masters or Doctoral Degree in the area they teach. My school promotes a healthy life style, school uniforms, and parent involvement. Parents are required to pay one fee that covers all school material, lunches, schools uniforms, field trips, and other necessary items. The food at my school, which is free, and healthy, that means no soft drinks, cookies, candy, chips, or any other junk food; all birthdays at school will be celebrated without unhealthy food. Parents are encouraged to eat healthy and show students healthy life styles. Students are required to wear a school uniform, a short-sleeved tee shirt with school logo and black pants/shorts/dress/skirt or for formal attire is long-sleeved shirt and black pants/shorts /dress/skirt. The shirt will have a color to represent a grade: Pre-K: Pink, K: Purple 1st: Blue, 2nd: Turquoise, 3rd: Green, 4th: Light Green, 5th: Yellow, 6th: Orange, 7th: Red, 8th: Maroon, 9th: Brown, 10th: Black, 11th: Gray, and 12th: White. 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The arts are a necessity to society because they encourage energy and creativity and help to encourage students to be creative, flexible, and to express themselves. Arts cannot be learned just by occasional exposure. The arts need to be taught in school and also practiced outside of school. Not only does art stimulate our brain, it also helps with establishing a process andRead MoreWhat Does It Take?746 Words   |  3 PagesIf you want to learn how to draw, you don t just want know how to do nice drawings, and you don t want to learn how to copy somebody else s drawings. You want to create great drawings of your very own, don t you? So what does it take? It actually takes less magic than most people think. I don t know who started the myth that only a few especially talented people can learn how to draw. There are even some art teachers out there who believe that. But if you learned how to draw the alphabetRead MoreDaily Schedule Essay1078 Words   |  5 Pagesyou will be able to create a schedule that best fits your family needs, include key factors when scheduling you students daily activities, understand how to effectively manage multiple students schedules. Virtual school gives Learning Coaches the flexibility to organize their schedules to fit their children’s needs and their family’s lifestyle. There is no right or wrong schedule, but just like students who attend a brick and mortar school, students learn best when the school day is well plannedRead MoreStudent s Funds Of Knowledge Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pagesorder for teachers to create a learning environment that is culturally responsive to each individual student, a teacher must learn the student’s funds of knowledge. The importance of learning the funds of knowledge of your students is crucial. 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Consumer Behaviour and Market Segmentation

Questions: 1.What kinds of things have Harley-Davidson done well with its Harley Owners Group (H.O.G.) program to create an extraordinary customer experience that is unique and valuable to its members?2.To enlarge its customer base, what kinds of things would you recommend Harley-Davidson do to cultivate long-term relationships with a younger audience, e.g., aged 18-34? Answers: Introduction The Harley-Davidson is synonymous with a special type of individual- one who values his individualism and appreciates its uniqueness. Given the circumstances, it goes by extension that not everyone is a potential owner of a Harley-Davidson. The HOG program aims at rewarding such individuals with an unique brotherhood of likeminded persons. The extraordinary customer experience that they enjoy is the focus of this case study. The company is also looking at growing its customer base by tapping into the market segment 18-34. Towards this end, the company is looking at cultivating a long term relationship with them. The measures that have been adopted are also discussed here. 1. The HOG refers to the Harley Davidson sponsored riding club that fosters a sense of brotherhood among the owners of this beautiful and powerful bike. The owners may come from different walks of life, yet share a common passion- individualism and freedom (Fller and Matzler, 2008). This is the underlying trait in every Harley Davidson owner and the HOG embodies this very same ideology across all countries where it has a presence (Schlegelmilch, 2016). In fact the HOG can be linked to a special kind of marketing technique being used by Harley Davidson to foster comradeship among this elite group. The company achieves this through the various events it conducts all year round as well as the more personalized relationship that it maintains through effective use of social media as well as the traditional face to face approach (Catulli, Cook and Potter, 2016). The process of building an extraordinary and unique customer experience starts when an individual purchases this elite vehicle and is offered a free year long membership with the HOG. This is a typical method of allowing him or her to test the waters and see what the riding club has to offer its members. After participating in the various activities like local charity events or joining in for both short as well as destination rides, most of the Harley Owners are keen on continuing to be part of HOG. The renewal of the HOG membership also allows them several benefits as well as discounts! The fierce sense of brand loyalty and brotherhood is part of the HOG program by Harley Davidson (Catulli, Cook and Potter, 2016). The community is a close-knit one and can easily count on each member to look out for the others in the group. The members of HOG share a passion for individualism and uniqueness as well as the high level of competitive spirit and commitment that is as much a part their character as it is of Harleys brand image. The destination rides are perhaps the most effective marketing tool used by the brand. This strategy has stood the test of time as man and machine come together to put themselves against all odds and achieve the challenges set for the day. The riders look forward to the exhilarating experience as they leave their daily struggles and day to-day worries behind and loose themselves in the cheerful friendships that do not question them but rather act as an invisible support to help them achieve glorious heights! 2. Like all companies and brands looking at driving sales, Harley-Davidson to is exploring various possibilities while it tries to make inroads into the younger audience. This target group lies within the age of 18 to 34. The interesting fact that separates them from the other groups already enjoying the Harley-Davidson experience is the relative lack of disposable income in their hands! In other words, these are individuals who share the same sense of uniqueness, individualism and competitive sprit as their seniors; yet lack the finances to become the proud owners of this legendary bike. The brand has, however, not tweaked the prices of the legendary bike, but has implemented changes to make it look more sleek and subtle. This is an unsaid, yet clear message that the brand delivers this new target market. It clearly says that while the brand is ready to make modifications the potential owners would love, they are not ready to lower prices and have this elite group overrun with all kinds of persons (Khr et al., 2016). The individual who wishes to be part of this elite circle must prove himself worthy of this claim by clearly proving his uniqueness and individualism (Divett, Crittenden and Henderson, 2003). The brand needs to consider STP (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning) while looking at exploring the identified target market, so as to not only augment sales but also to significantly improve its customer base (Ouwersloot and Odekerken?Schrder, 2008). The first steps taken by the company in this regard are worth a mention. The interaction through social media is ideal to engage this market segment as they are internet savvy and tend to spend a considerable part of the say on various social media sites. By positioning a unique version of the original bike, Harley-Davidson has also clearly indicated their agenda of looking at this market segment through a different perspective (Paul, 2010). The idea of the Jump Start program is a great means of giving interested persons among the younger generation a thrilling ride on this graceful and gutsy machine. Recommendation Some of the additional initiatives that can be taken to establish a long term relationship with this group could include inviting a few individuals from the Jump Start program to participate in a short drive or charity event organized by HOG and enjoy the experience firsthand. This would surely kindle the fire that would take them places and make them worthy of being a part of the elite crowd of Harley-Davidson owners. Conclusion The Harley-Davidson and HOG are symbols of a brotherhood sans physical and national boundaries. The members of this elite group enjoy challenges that bring out in them traits like endurance, leadership and brotherhood without consideration of physical or national boundaries. The HOG program is a celebration of this unique brotherhood that has been the envy of those not privy to its membership. Reference List: Bandyopadhyay, S. and Martell, M. (2007). Does attitudinal loyalty influence behavioral loyalty? A theoretical and empirical study. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 14(1), pp.35-44. Catulli, M., Cook, M. and Potter, S. (2016). Product Service Systems Users and Harley Davidson Riders: The Importance of Consumer Identity in the Diffusion of Sustainable Consumption Solutions. Journal of Industrial Ecology. Divett, M., Crittenden, N. and Henderson, R. (2003). Actively influencing consumer loyalty. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 20(2), pp.109-126. Fller, J. and Matzler, K. (2008). Customer delight and market segmentation: An application of the three-factor theory of customer satisfaction on life style groups. Tourism Management, 29(1), pp.116-126. Khr, A., Nyffenegger, B., Krohmer, H. and Hoyer, W. (2016). When Hostile Consumers Wreak Havoc on Your Brand: The Phenomenon of Consumer Brand Sabotage. Journal of Marketing, 80(3), pp.25-41. Ouwersloot, H. and Odekerken?Schrder, G. (2008). Who's who in brand communities and why?. European Journal of Marketing, 42(5/6), pp.571-585. Paul, P. (2010). Consumer Behaviour and Marketing Strategy. 9th ed. Mcgraw Hill Higher Education. Schlegelmilch, B. (2016). Global marketing strategy. 1st ed. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, pp.63-82.